拉萨市建筑室内湿环境现状及人员湿舒适特征分析
Current situation of indoor humid environment of buildings and characteristics of personnel humid comfort in Lhasa
摘要：
西藏高原建筑室内极端干燥问题突出,掌握高原室内湿环境现状和人员湿舒适特征是解决该问题的首要任务。本文以拉萨市各类典型建筑为研究对象,采用现场测试和问卷调研相结合的方式,从室内湿环境参数、湿主观评价投票和湿环境调控技术等方面量化分析了拉萨市建筑室内湿环境现状。结果表明:拉萨市夏季室内空气相对湿度基本处于40.0%～70.0%范围内,但冬季室内空气极端干燥,90.0%以上时间的空气相对湿度低于30.0%,当考虑温湿度组合调控时,加湿相比提高室内温度更能有效提升当地居民舒适度;高原短期居住人群中近80.0%的受试者认为拉萨市冬季室内干燥并期望所处湿环境水平提升,且湿不舒适投票占比为67.6%,高原长期居住人群的上述占比均降低约30.0%;仅有1/5的拉萨市建筑配有传统加湿技术,但难以有效提升室内湿环境水平,亟待提出高原适宜性室内湿环境营造技术方法。
Abstract：
The indoor extreme dryness is a prominent problem on the Tibetan plateau, and the primary task of solving this problem is to learn the current situation of indoor humid environment and the characteristics of personnel humid comfort. Taking the various typical buildings in Lhasa as the research object, this paper quantitatively analyses the current situation of indoor humid environment in Lhasa in terms of indoor humid environment parameters, humid subjective evaluation voting and humid environment regulation technology based on the field tests and questionnaire surveys. The results show that the relative humidity of indoor air in Lhasa in summer is basically in the range of 40.0% to 70.0%, but the indoor air in winter is extremely dry, and the relative humidity of indoor air in more than 90.0% of the time is lower than 30.0%. When considering the combined control of temperature and humidity, humidification can improve the comfort of local residents more effectively than increasing the indoor temperature. Nearly 80.0% of the participants in the short-term plateau residents think that the indoor is dry in winter in Lhasa and expect the level of humid environment to improve, and the proportion of humid uncomfortable voting is 67.6%, and the above proportion of long-term plateau residents decreases by approximately 30.0%. Only 1/5 of the buildings in Lhasa are equipped with traditional humidification technology, but it is difficult to effectively improve the level of indoor humid environment, and it is urgent to propose a technical method for creating a suitable indoor humid environment for the plateau.
Keywords:plateau; indoor humid environment; relative humidity; humid comfort; humidification technology