降低寒冷地区农村住宅热泵供暖电费的技术策略
Technical strategy to reduce electricity cost of heat pump heating for rural residential buildings in cold zone
摘要：
为降低寒冷地区农村居民冬季供暖的经济负担，本文以保定市某既有农村住宅为对象，应用DeST-h软件建立模型并进行模拟计算，研究在满足居民使用需求的前提下，在不同温度参数设定、不同围护结构改造及利用峰谷电价蓄能情况下，空气源热泵供暖在供暖季的热负荷指标及运行电费。研究结果发现，围护结构热工性能的提升比分时室温调节的节能效果更显著，若围护结构性能提升配合谷电蓄热方案，供暖节省费用最多，但初投资较大、回收期较长。建议当地政府对围护结构性能提升及谷电蓄热给予适当的补贴，让农村居民“煤改电”后能真正“用得起”。
Abstract：
In order to reduce the economic burden of winter heating for rural residents in cold zone, this paper takes an existing rural residential building in Baoding as the object, uses DeST-h software to establish a model and performs simulation calculation, and studies the heating load index and operating electricity cost of air-source heat pump heating in the heating season under the condition of different temperature parameters，different envelope transformation schemes and energy storage using peak-valley price under the premise of meeting the needs of residents. The results show that the energy-saving effect of the improvement of the thermal performance of the envelope is more significant than that of the time-sharing room temperature regulation, and if the performance of the envelope is improved with the valley electric heat storage scheme, the heating cost is saved the most, but the initial investment is larger and the payback period is longer. It is recommended that the local government should give appropriate subsidies for the improvement of the performance of the envelope and the heat storage of valley electricity, so that rural residents can truly “afford” after “switching from coal to electricity”.
Keywords:cold zone; rural residential building; heat pump; temperature parameter; envelope; peak-valley price; heating electricity cost