基于自然通风的居住建筑朝向对建筑能耗影响的模拟研究——以安康为例
Simulation study on influence of residential building orientation on building energy consumption based on natural ventilation—Taking Ankang as an example
摘要：
优化建筑朝向是降低建筑能耗的有效手段，在建筑朝向优化的同时考虑自然通风对建筑物能耗的影响可进一步降低建筑能耗。本文利用PHOENICS及DesignBuilder软件，对真实地形条件下的陕西省安康市的居住建筑进行了不同朝向的通风和能耗模拟，综合不同朝向下的建筑物能耗及考虑自然通风情况的建筑能耗，对建筑全年能耗进行了对比研究，得出了建筑能耗较低的朝向范围。研究结果表明，建筑朝向对室内自然通风效果有显著影响，考虑自然通风因素后，不同建筑朝向的建筑能耗可以减小10.73%以上，最优建筑朝向发生变化，建筑朝向为南偏东10°与南偏西10°时节能效果最佳。
Abstract：
Optimizing the building orientation is an effective way to reduce building energy consumption. While optimizing the building orientation, the impact of natural ventilation on the building energy consumption should also be considered, which can reduce the building energy consumption to a further extent. In this paper, the ventilation and the energy consumption of residential buildings with different orientations under real terrain conditions are simulated in Ankang city, Shaanxi province by PHOENICS and DesignBuilder softwares. The annual building energy consumption data are compared by simulating energy consumption under different orientations and natural ventilation conditions. The orientation range of buildings that contributes to lower energy consumption is obtained. The results show that the building orientation has a significant influence on the effect of indoor natural ventilation. After considering the factor of natural ventilation, the energy consumption of buildings with different orientations can be reduced by more than 10.73%. The optimal building orientation changes, and when the building orientation is south by east 10° and south by west 10°, the building model is the most energy efficient.
Keywords:residential building; building orientation; natural ventilation; building energy consumption; energy saving