切削机床油雾颗粒局部排风的优化研究
Optimization study on local exhaust air for oil mist particles from cutting machine tools
摘要：
切削加工过程中产生的油雾颗粒会给从业人员带来严重的健康危害，局部排风罩可减少油雾颗粒散逸。本文采用CFD方法，研究了排风量和排风罩高度对不同粒径颗粒捕集效率的影响，提出了特征拖曳比参数，通过回归得到特征拖曳比与捕集效率的关系式；采用增加柔性围挡的方式对局部排风罩进行了优化，上吸罩增加围挡后的捕集效率与将排风罩高度降低60 cm的捕集效率相近。
Abstract：
The oil mist particles generated in the cutting process can lead to serious health problems for operators. The local exhaust hood can reduce the escape of oil mist particles. In this paper, the effects of exhaust air volume and exhaust hood height on the capture efficiency of particles with different sizes are studied by CFD method. The feature air velocity is put forward, and the relationship between feature air velocity and capture efficiency is obtained by the regression method. The local exhaust hood is optimized by adding a flexible enclosure, and the capture efficiency of the upper suction hood with the flexible enclosure is similar to that of reducing the height of the exhaust hood by 60 cm.
Keywords:machining; cutting machine tool; oil mist particle; local exhaust hood; capture efficiency; feature air velocity; exhaust hood height; flexible enclosure