西安地区大型商场冬季室内热环境与热舒适研究
Field study on indoor thermal environment and thermal comfort in large shopping malls in Xi’an in winter
摘要：
以现场测试和问卷调查相结合的方式，调研了西安8栋大型商场冬季室内热环境和人员热舒适状况。结果显示：商场热环境存在温度偏高和空气流速偏小的现象；商场冬季的中性温度为17.4 ℃，80%热可接受温度范围为16.4～23.2 ℃；商场人群的主观评价与性别、是否是服务员及所在楼层等因素相关；女性可接受温度上限高于男性；由于服务员服装热阻较小且活动范围受限，热感觉比顾客更低；楼层越高，温度越高，热可接受度越低。
Abstract：
In this study, a combination of field tests and questionnaires are used to obtain the thermal environment parameters and personnel thermal comfort in eight large shopping malls in Xi’an in winter. The results show that the shopping malls are warmer and the wind speed is low. The neutral temperature of the shopping malls in winter is 17.4 ℃. The 80% thermally acceptable temperature range in winter is 16.4 to 23.2 ℃. The subjective evaluations of subjects in the shopping malls are related to the factors such as gender, whether they are waiters, and their floor. The upper limit of acceptable temperature is higher for women than that for men. The thermal sensation of the waiters is lower than that of the customers because of the lower thermal resistance of waiter clothing and the restricted range of motion. The higher the floor, the higher the temperature,and the lower the thermal acceptability.
Keywords:large shopping mall; thermal environment; thermal comfort; thermal sensation; thermal preference; airflow preference; Xi’an; field study