水循环管路内结垢影响的研究现状和除垢方法进展
Review of researches on fouling generation in water circulation tubes and fouling removal methods
摘要：
水机集中空调系统是一种典型的利用水循环进行制冷或制热的空调系统，广泛应用在建筑领域中。由于水机集中空调系统的冷却塔为开放式结构，循环水中的杂质较多，长时间运行后不可避免地会产生结垢问题。本文综述了水循环管路内结垢影响的研究现状，包括结垢类型、结垢机理和结垢过程的表征方式；总结了影响水循环管路内结垢的因素，包括运行工况参数、换热管结构参数、水溶液成分；分析了水循环管路的物理除垢方法和化学除垢方法的进展，总结了可快速评估结垢程度和除垢效果的测试方法，为进一步提高水机集中空调管路防垢能力提供理论依据与研究方向。
Abstract：
Water-based central air conditioning system is a typical air conditioning system which uses water circulation for cooling or heating, and is widely used in the building field. Many impurities may enter the circulating water in water circulation tubes because the cooling towers of the water-based central air conditioning system are open to the external environment, leading to the fouling generation in water circulation tubes after long-term operation. In this paper, the research statuses of the fouling generation in the water circulation tubes are reviewed, including the fouling types, the fouling generation mechanism and the fouling acceleration methods. The influence factors on the fouling generation in the water circulation tubes are summarized, covering the operation conditions, the structure parameters of heat exchange tubes and the fouling compositions of circulated water. In addition, the progresses of physical and chemical fouling removal methods for water circulation tubes are analysed, and the test methods that can quickly evaluate the fouling degree and the fouling removal effect are summarized, which provides theoretical basis and research directions for further improving the fouling removal ability of water circulation tubes in the water-based central air conditioning systems.
Keywords:water circulation; water-based central air conditioning; fouling generation; acceleration method; fouling removal method