夏季湿热环境下温度风速适宜值实验研究
Experimental research on suitable air velocity corresponding to different temperatures in hot and humid environment in summer
摘要：
一定温度环境下增大风速可以提高人体热舒适并降低能耗，但较高温度环境下增大风速对人体热舒适的改善作用降低。为了探究夏季湿热环境下风速对温度的补偿作用，提出适宜的风速值，本文系统地研究了高湿环境（80%相对湿度）下从偏热到高温范围内风速的积极改善作用和改善效率。通过在人工气候室营造4种温度水平（28、30、32、34 ℃），采用落地扇正面吹风，控制风速为0.8～1.4 m/s，共完成8个工况、168人次受试者热舒适实验，获取了受试者的主观感受及生理反应。建立了整体热感觉与温度和风速之间的预测评估模型，得到热中性状态下不同温度对应的舒适风速；在32、34 ℃环境下，提高风速不能使受试者达到热舒适状态，但对热感觉及皮肤温度仍具有改善作用，进而提出利用平均皮肤温度变化率评价不同风速下的吹风效率，得到对应温度下的有效风速值。将舒适风速与有效风速相结合，得到了夏季湿热环境下不同温度的适宜风速推荐值。
Abstract：
Increasing the air velocity in a certain temperature environment can improve the thermal comfort of the human body and reduce energy consumption, but the effect of increasing the air velocity on the thermal comfort of the human body is reduced at a higher temperature. In order to explore the compensation effect of air velocity on the temperature in a hot and humid environment, and propose the suitable air velocity value, this paper systematically studies the positive improvement effect and efficiency of air velocity in the temperature range from partial heat to high temperature in the high humidity environment (80% relative humidity). By creating four temperature levels (28,30,32,34 ℃) in the artificial climate room, using a floor fan to blow the air from the front and controlling the air velocity from 0.8 m/s to 1.4 m/s, the thermal comfort experiments of 168 subjects under 8 working conditions are completed, and the subjective feelings and physiological responses of the subjects are obtained. The prediction and evaluation model between the overall thermal sensation and temperature and air velocity is established, and the comfortable air velocity corresponding to different temperatures in the thermal neutral state is obtained. At 32 ℃ and 34 ℃, increasing the wind speed cannot make the subjects reach the thermal comfort state, but it can still improve the thermal sensation and skin temperature. Furthermore, it is proposed to use the average skin temperature change rate to evaluate the blowing efficiency at different air velocities to obtain the effective air velocity value at the corresponding temperature. Combining the comfortable air velocity with the effective air velocity, the recommended values of suitable air velocity at different temperatures in a hot and humid environment in summer are obtained.
Keywords:hotandhumidenvironment;thermalcomfort;temperature;suitableairvelocity;comfortableairvelocity;effectiveairvelocity;skintemperaturechangerate;blowingefficiency