如何描述建筑在新型电力系统中的基本特征？——现状与展望
How to describe the basic characteristics of buildings in future power system?—Status and prospects
摘要：
建筑领域是实现碳中和目标的重要部门，未来零碳能源系统中建筑有望成为集能源生产、消费、调蓄“三位一体”的能源复合体。如何科学地描述建筑在未来能源系统中的基本特征，建筑的复合功能特征如何更好地适应未来零碳能源系统的发展要求，建筑如何更好地发挥自身具有的复合功能作用，是建筑层面面向未来碳中和目标需要回答的重要问题。本文从建筑的复合功能需求出发，初步提出了建筑作为能源生产者、消费者、调蓄者的基本刻画方法，并从建筑具有的“源、储、网、荷”基本特征出发对相关研究进行了展望，以期为深入认识建筑在未来零碳能源系统中的作用提供有益探索和参考。
Abstract：
The building sector is an important sector to achieve the goal of carbon neutrality. In the future zero-carbon energy system, the building is expected to become an energy complex integrating energy production, consumption, storage and regulation. How to scientifically describe the basic characteristics of buildings in the future energy system, how to better adapt the composite functional characteristics of buildings to the development requirements of the future zero-carbon energy system, and how to better play the composite functional role of buildings are important questions that need to be answered at the level of buildings facing the future carbon neutrality goal. Starting from the construction of composite functional requirements, this study puts forward the basic characterization method describing the buildings acting as energy producers, consumers and regulators, and the basic characteristics of related further research is discussed from the view of “source, storage, network, load”. The present research is beneficial to deeply know the role of buildings in the future zero-carbon energy system.
Keywords:building load characteristic; building equivalent energy storage; future power system; zero-carbon energy system; carbon neutrality