我国公共建筑标准中人员描述方法及典型人流年的讨论*
Discussion on occupancy schedule in China public building standard and a novel conception of typical occupancy data
摘要：
人员对建筑能耗影响很大，然而我国现有公共建筑标准中往往通过人员密度及时间表的方式对人员在室情况进行描述。这种方法过于简单，不能充分体现人员及建筑的复杂性，使建筑能耗计算产生较大误差。通过移动终端获取了大量不同类型公共建筑的实际人流数据，采用聚类分析的方法提取了不同建筑的人流数据特征，并与标准规范中人员在室情况描述方法进行了比较讨论，分析了建筑、自然及社会环境3个因素对建筑人流数量的影响，提出了典型人流年的描述方法并建立了典型人流年数据库。
Abstract：
Occupancy is one of the main factors affecting the building energy consumption. However, the occupancy data are simplified as occupancy density and occupancy schedule in China public building standard. This method is too simple to reflect the actual situation, which would influence the accuracy of building energy consumption calculation. Based on amounts of real occupancy data of different types of public buildings collected by mobile devices, applies the clustering method to extract the occupancy features of different buildings and compares with the occupancy description method in related building standards. Analyses the influence of the three factors of building, natural and social environment on occupancy data. Proposes a concept of typical occupancy data (TOD) and establishes a database of TOD.
Keywords:publicbuilding,occupancy,buildingenergyconsumption,standard,typicaloccupancydata