热适应阈值区人体生理调节反应和主观感受*
Physiological regulatory responses and subjective sensations of human in thermal adaptable threshold zone
摘要：
研究了热经历背景不同的南北受试者在热适应阈值区的适应特性。选取南北受试者各16名，测量了5项生理指标（皮肤温度、心率、心率变异性、呼吸率、血容量），进行了主观问卷调查，同时测试了环境参数。结果显示：南方受试者主观感受好于北方受试者；平均皮肤温度、呼吸率、血容量稍高于北方受试者；心率、心率变异性的低频与高频比率稍低于北方受试者；从中性环境进入热适应阈值区，南方受试者的主观感受指标差分均值出现显著性差异的实验时间段少于或晚于北方受试者，但生理反应指标差分均值出现显著性差异接近；虽然南、北方受试者生理调节反应接近，但南方受试者由于他们的室内外热经历背景，有较好的热环境忍耐力和较好的热习服能力。
Abstract：
Studies the adaption characteristics of northern and southern subjects with different thermal experience backgrounds in thermal adaptable threshold zone. Selects 16 southern subjects and 16 northern subjects, tests five physiological parameters including skin temperature, heart rate, heart rate variability, respiratory rate and blood volume pulse, and conducts the subjective questionnaire surveys. Simultaneously tests the environmental parameters. The results show that the subjective feeling of the southern subjects is better than that of the northern subjects, the average skin temperature, respiratory rate and blood volume pulse are slightly higher than those of the northern subjects, and the heart rate and low frequency / high frequency ratio of heart rate variability are slightly lower than those of the northern subjects. From the neutral environment to the thermal adaptation threshold zone, the experimental period of southern subjects showing a significant difference is later and less than that of northern subjects from aspect of subjective sensations, but from aspect of physiological responses, the differences in the mean value are approaching. Although the physiological regulation responses of the northern and southern subjects are approaching, the southern subjects have better thermal environment endurance and thermal acclimatization ability because of their indoor and outdoor thermal experience background.
Keywords:thermalexperience,thermaladaptablethresholdzone,northernandsouthernsubject,physiologicalregulatoryresponse,subjectivesensation