基于太阳辐射影响的室内热环境特性*
Indoor thermal environment characteristics based on solar radiation
摘要：
通过实验测试和理论计算，从平均辐射温度和实际热感觉投票等方面综合分析了太阳辐射影响下室内热环境特性的变化规律，分析了适用于此环境下平均辐射温度的计算方法，并提出了现阶段空调分区存在的问题，研究了更为细致的空调分区方法。研究表明：太阳辐射影响下室内热环境整体呈现不均匀分布的现象，壁面温度、空间温度及平均辐射温度与太阳辐照度之间存在密切联系；当室内环境受太阳直射影响时，使用黑球辐射温度换算得到平均辐射温度的方法存在一定偏差，使用辐射区平均辐射温度理论值计算得到的PMV与人体实际热感觉投票值基本一致；建议在建筑内外区划分的基础上，对建筑进行更为细致的分区，以便对建筑不同区域的瞬时负荷实时调控，以期达到热舒适及节能的目的。
Abstract：
Through experimental test and theoretical calculation, comprehensively analyses the variation law of indoor thermal environment characteristics influenced by solar radiation from the aspects of mean radiant temperature and actual thermal sensibility vote, and analyses the calculation method of mean radiant temperature under this condition. Puts forward the problems existing in air conditioning zoning at present, and studies a more detailed method of air conditioning zoning. The results show that the indoor thermal environment is unevenly distributed with the influence of solar radiation, and the wall temperature, space temperature and mean radiant temperature are closely related to the solar irradiance. The PMV calculated by the theoretical value of the mean radiant temperature in the radiation region is basically consistent with the actual thermal sensation voting value of the human body. So when the indoor environment is affected by solar radiation, the method using the black globe radiation temperature to convert the mean radiant temperature is not reasonable, and the theoretical calculation value can be used to evaluate the indoor thermal environment more accurately. Suggests dividing the building more carefully on the basis of the division of the inner and outer zones, so as to control the instantaneous load of different areas of the building in real time, in order to achieve the purpose of thermal comfort and energy saving.
Keywords:solarradiation,indoorthermalenvironment,meanradianttemperature,airconditioningzoning,predictedmeanvote(PMV)