严寒和寒冷地区居住建筑供暖平衡点温度及其计算方法*
Heating balance point temperature and calculation method of residential buildings in severe cold and cold zones of China
摘要：
采用理论计算和模拟验证相结合的方法，对我国严寒和寒冷地区居住建筑供暖平衡点温度进行了研究，分析了2种建筑总得热量计算方法对供暖平衡点温度计算结果的影响、各城镇间供暖平衡点温度的差异及不同基准温度下供暖度日数的差异。结果显示：以整个供暖期作为计算时段的方法适宜于我国东北及华北地区，而青藏高原地区不论采用哪种方法所得度日数均不能较好反映出该地区的建筑能耗水平；居住建筑供暖平衡点温度与地区气候寒冷程度存在一定关联，随着气候寒冷程度的降低，供暖平衡点温度逐渐升高，选取的72个代表城镇的居住建筑供暖平衡点温度为10.6～13.5 ℃；与以18 ℃为基准的供暖度日数相比，将供暖平衡点温度作为基准温度后，各城镇的供暖度日数呈不同程度的降低。
Abstract：
Using the method of theoretical calculation and simulation verification, studies the heating balance point temperature of residential buildings in severe cold and cold zones of China. Analyses the influence of two methods for calculating the total heat gain of buildings on the calculation results of heating balance point temperature, the difference of heating balance point temperature between cities and the difference of heating degree days at different base temperatures. The results show that the method using the whole heating period as the calculation period is suitable for Northeast and North China, but no appropriate method can reflect the real building energy consumption level in the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. The heating balance point temperature of residential buildings has a certain relationship with the regional cold climate. With the decrease of the outdoor temperature in the cold climate, the heating balance point temperature increases gradually. The heating balance point temperature of 72 representative cities is between 10.6 ℃ and 13.5 ℃. Compared with the base temperature 18 ℃ of heating degree days, taking the balance point temperature as the base temperature, the heating degree days of each city decrease at varying degrees.
Keywords:residentialbuilding,severecoldzone,coldzone,heating,balancepointtemperature,heatingdegreedays,heatgain,basetemperature