低温制热工况下分体空调器电功率变化特点测试分析
Test analysis of electric power change characteristics of split air conditioners under low temperature heating conditions
摘要：
采用实测方法，对低温制热工况下分体空调器电功率变化特性进行了测试分析。结果表明：分体空调器制热工况的电功率显著高于制冷工况，其电功率变化情况也比制冷工况复杂，空调设定温度对制热电功率变化波形影响较大，认为不能仅通过一种变化波形分析识别分体空调器运行状态。即使是定频分体空调器，在制热运行时其用电功率也不断变化，这为住户总电表数据识别法的住户空调行为调查法提供了一个判据。测试发现，即使在热泵运行的制热量可以满足要求的情况下，大多数带电辅热的分体空调器仍然启动电加热器直接加热，这种不节能的运行方式待改进。
Abstract：
By means of a measured method, analyses the electric power change characteristics of the split air conditioners under low temperature heating conditions. The results show that the electric power of the heating condition of the split air conditioner is significantly higher than that of the cooling condition and the change of electric power is more complicated than the cooling condition. The temperature setting point of the air conditioner has a great influence on the waveform of the electric power change, so it is impossible to identify the operating state of the air conditioner with one kind of the variation waveform. Even for fixed-frequency split air conditioners, the electric power is constantly changing during heating operation, which provides a criterion for the household air conditioning behavior investigation method of the household total electricity meter data identification method. The tests find that the electric heater for direct heating is still started for most of the split air conditioners with electric auxiliary heating function even when the heat amount of the heat pump operation can meet the requirements, which is not energy saving and needs to be improved.
Keywords:split air conditioner, heating condition, low temperature, electric power, test, air conditioning behavior