生物质固体成型燃料炉在北方农宅供暖系统改造中的应用与研究
Application and research of biomass solid forming fuel furnace in heating system retrofitting in rural buildings of North China
摘要：
北方农村供暖存在建筑热工性能差、散煤燃烧污染严重两大问题。为解决热工性能差的问题，以某典型农户为例进行节能改造，将模拟数据与实测数据相结合，分析实际节能改造效果，结果表明：节能改造后该农户可降低60%的能耗，且增设50 mm的保温层改造性价比最高。为解决散煤燃烧污染严重的问题，分别以生物质固体成型燃料炉与传统小型燃煤锅炉为热源进行供暖运行对比。在热舒适性方面，二者对应的室内平均温度分别为17.39,14.52 ℃，均可满足设计参数14 ℃的要求，但室内PMV值分别维持在-0.08～0.24,-1.18～0.18范围内，前者热感觉适中，后者热感觉较凉；在经济性方面,前者较传统燃煤锅炉每年单位面积可节省7元/（m2·a），费用年值降低465元/a；在环保性方面,前者排放值低于小型燃煤锅炉。
Abstract：
Rural heating system in North China has two problems of poor thermal performance of buildings and serious pollution of scattered coal. In order to solve the problem of poor thermal performance, takes a typical rural building as an example to carry out energy retrofitting. Combines the data simulated by EnergyPlus software with measured data, and analyses the feasibility of energy saving retrofitting and actual energy saving effect. Numerical simulation results show that 60% of the energy can be saved, and adding an insulation layer of 50 mm is a highest cost-effective method. In order to solve the problem of serious pollution of scattered coal, compares the heating effect of the biomass solid forming fuel furnace and traditional small-size coal-fired boiler as heat source. In the aspect of thermal comfort, the average temperature is 17.39 ℃ and 14.52 ℃, both meeting the design temperature of 14 ℃. However, indoor PMV values are maintained in the range of -0.08 to 0.24 and -1.18 to 0.18 respectively, the thermal sensation is moderate in the former, while more colder in the latter. In terms of economy, biomass solid forming fuel furnace saves 7 yuan/（m2·a） compared with coal-fired boilers, approximately 465 yuan per year. For the environmental protection, the emission level of biomass boiler is lower than that of the small-size coal-fired boiler.
Keywords:rural heating, energy saving retrofitting, biomass solid forming fuel furnace, clean energy, simulated data, measured data