高原被动式太阳能建筑透明围护结构的阶跃传热特性
Leap heat-transfer characteristics for transparent envelope of passive solar buildings in alpine region
摘要：
介绍了一种具有阶跃传热特性的被动式太阳能建筑透明围护结构及其控制策略，结合实测进行了验证。透明围护结构的阶跃传热特性主要表现在两方面：白天实现了直接受益窗太阳得热系数的阶跃升高，使得太阳能容易进入室内；夜间实现了直接受益窗综合换热热阻的阶跃上升，使得热量可以保存住。实测表明：在该控制策略下，即使在室外最低温度为-12.5 ℃的恶劣气候条件下，宿舍楼室内温度也可维持在13～14 ℃，比非阶跃控制提高了4.5～10 ℃；传统墙体蓄放热速率难以满足被动式太阳能利用要求，这是造成被动式太阳能建筑蓄热能力不足的主要原因。
Abstract：
Presents a transparent envelope of passive solar building with leap heat-transfer characteristics and its control strategy, and verifies its application effect in a project case. The leap heat-transfer characteristics are mainly manifested in the leap ascend of solar heat gain coefficient （SHGC）of direct solar windows in daytime to collect solar energy and the leap ascend of comprehensive heat transfer resistance of direct solar windows to keep heat. Test results show that mean indoor temperature in the dormitory building can be maintained between 13 ℃ and 14 ℃ even at -12.5 ℃ of the outdoor temperature, 4.5 ℃ to 10 ℃ higher than that of traditional control way. Heat accumulation and release rates of traditional wall are hardly to satisfy the requirement of passive solar buildings, which is the main factor of less stored heat of passive solar buildings.
Keywords:passive solar building, transparent envelope, leap heat-transfer, solar heat gain coefficient, comprehensive heat transfer resistance, heat storage, heat release, thermal balance