重庆地区农村建筑室内热环境关键影响因素分析
Key influencing factor analysis of indoor thermal environment of rural buildings in Chongqing
摘要：
为了解目前重庆地区农村建筑的室内热环境情况，采用长期监测、短期测试以及问卷调查的方法，对该地区典型农村建筑的热环境状况进行了主观与客观的综合评价。结果表明，现阶段农村建筑自然通风状态下冬、夏季室内热环境状态较恶劣，且缺乏有效的调控措施，但农村居民主观上对室内热环境有一定的接受程度，农村地区室内热环境舒适评价条件应有别于城镇建筑。利用相关热环境分析工具分析了各典型围护结构性能提升对室内热环境的影响，发现提升外墙、屋面和外窗的保温隔热性能对室内热环境改善效果显著，此外，双层通风墙、通风屋面以及水平遮阳等也是行之有效的手段。
Abstract：
In order to understand the indoor thermal environment of rural buildings in Chongqing, evaluates the thermal environment of typical rural buildings objectively and subjectively using the methods of long-term monitoring, short-term test and questionnaire survey. The results show that the indoor thermal environment of rural buildings under natural ventilation conditions is terrible in winter and summer, and there is no effective control measure, but the rural residents have a certain degree of acceptance to the indoor thermal environment subjectively, so the evaluation of the indoor thermal environment of rural buildings should be different from that of urban buildings. Analyses the influence of performance improvement of typical envelope on the indoor thermal environment by using the thermal environment analysis tools, and finds that the improvement of the thermal insulation performance of the external wall, roof and window is significant to the indoor thermal environment. Moreover, the double ventilation wall, ventilation roof and horizontal shading are also effective.
Keywords:rural building, indoor thermal environment, envelope, influencing factor, optimization strategy