非集中空调建筑新风量及其对能耗的影响
Outdoor air rate of building without central air conditioning and its influence on energy consumption
摘要：
针对住宅、教室、宿舍3种典型的非集中空调建筑的新风量测试结果进行分析。结果表明，非集中空调建筑仅靠关窗渗透的新风量不能满足人员需求，因此需要开窗通风。但开窗通风必然会造成某些时间段的新风供应过量，从而导致额外的空调、供暖能耗。与之对应的另一种解决方法是安装机械新风系统，新风量易定量控制，但会产生额外的风机电耗。以北京某住宅为例，对于非集中空调建筑开窗通风、安装机械新风系统（有无热回收）的能耗进行了计算，探讨非集中空调建筑合理的新风供给方式。
Abstract：
Summarizes the results of outdoor air rate test in three typical buildings without central air conditioning system — residence, classroom and dormitory. The results show that outdoor air rate can not meet the occupants need with air leakage only. However, outdoor air rate with open window causes excess supply of outdoor air, which leads to the additional energy consumption. And the other solution is installing mechanical ventilation system to quantitatively control the outdoor air rate but increasing fan power consumption. Taking a residential building in Beijing as an example, calculates the energy consumption with different ventilation systems including ventilation with open window and mechanical ventilation systems (with and without heat recovery), and explores the reasonable method for ventilation of buildings without central air conditioning system in China.
Keywords:decentralized air conditioning building, outdoor air rate, ventilation with open window, mechanical ventilation, heat recovery, energy consumption