高效空调器用压缩机应具有的容量和压比调节能力
Necessary regulating abilities to capacity and compression ratio for compressors used in efficient air conditioners
摘要：
从实际需求出发分析了高效空调器用压缩机应具备的调节能力。使用DeST软件模拟计算了北京、上海、广州三地的轻型办公建筑和居住建筑的全年逐时负荷，统计了建筑全年冷热负荷随室外环境的变化情况；为不同地域的不同建筑选配了空调（热泵）装置，模拟研究了空调（热泵）装置全年运行时系统压比随室外温度的变化情况。研究结果表明：实际的空调（热泵）系统大部分时间运行在较小的室内外温差工况下，此时小型空调（热泵）装置需要提供较小的制冷/制热量，同时系统需求压比大幅减小；从提高空调设备全年能效水平的角度考虑，高效空调器用压缩机应具有向小容量调节的能力，同时需具有良好的向小压比调节的能力。
Abstract：
Brings forward the necessary regulating abilities of the compressor used in efficient air conditioner. Calculates by DeST the annual hourly loads of the typical light commercial buildings and residential buildings located in Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou. Selects different air conditioners according to the loads of different buildings and simulates the hourly operation of the air conditioners based on numerical air conditioner models. Analyses the relationships among outdoor temperature, load and system compression ratio. The results show that the air conditioner is working in much mild environments at most of the hours instead of the extreme rated condition; with the decrease (cooling)/increase (heating) of the ambient temperature, the cooling/heating load decreases continuously; with the decrease (cooling)/increase (heating) of the ambient temperature, the system compression ratio decreases quickly; the compressor of the ideal efficient air conditioner should have the ability to decrease the capacity and inner compression ratio.
Keywords:loadrate,systemcompressionratio,innercompressionratio,compressor,high-efficiencyairconditioner