控制室内建材散发挥发性有机物浓度分布的空调系统提前开启时间研究
Advance time for HVAC system operation based on volatile organic compound distribution emitted from building materials
摘要：
提前开启通风或空调系统可保证室内空气品质或温度在人员进入室内时达到可接受的水平。基于污染源可及性和数值模拟，分别研究了等温和非等温通风条件下污染物浓度分布达到稳定所需的时间与提前开启时间。结果显示：在等温通风条件下，当换气次数为1 h-1时，8种典型通风方式下污染源可及性达到稳定的时间为6~16 h；在非等温通风条件下，空调系统提前开启时间可由污染物浓度分布达到稳定的时间来决定；而在较高的换气次数（≥4 h-1）下，空调环境室内平均温度和呼吸区挥发性有机物（VOC）平均浓度达到稳定所需的时间接近，为1~3 h，为控制污染物浓度分布设计的空调通风系统提前开启时间仍可根据为加热或冷却房间空气温度设计的提前开启时间来确定。
Abstract：
When people are entering the indoor environment, acceptable perceived indoor air quality or temperature could be achieved by turning on the HVAC system in advance. By adopting the concept of accessibility of contaminant source and employing the CFD method, studies the time for the pollutant concentration to reach steady-state and the corresponding advance time for HVAC system operation based on pollution (volatile organic compound, VOC) distribution emitted from building materials under the isothermal and non-isothermal ventilation conditions, respectively. The results show that the time for the distribution of the pollution emitted from building materials to reach steady-state could be between 6 h and 16 h for eight typical ventilation scenarios under isothermal condition when the air change rate is set to 1 h-1. The advance time for HVAC system operation could be determined by the time for the pollutant concentration to reach steady-state under the non-isothermal ventilation condition. At the higher air change rates (≥ 4 h-1), the time for the indoor average temperature to reach steady-state could be close to the time for average VOC concentration near breathing area to reach steady-state, which is from 1 h to 3 h. Therefore, the advance time could still be determined by the time for the indoor temperature to reach steady-state in practice.
Keywords:volatileorganiccompound,distributionofpollutantconcentration,airconditioningsystem,advancetime,accessibilityofcontaminantsource