辅助热源对主动式太阳能供暖系统节能性的影响
Effects of auxiliary heat sources on energy efficiency of active solar heating systems
摘要：
根据太阳能贡献率和辅助加热设备的能源效率，将系统的能耗折算成一次能源，分析不同辅助热源对太阳能供暖系统节能性的影响，认为主动式太阳能供暖系统要达到节能效果必须满足一定的前提条件。研究结果表明：辅助热源方式和太阳能贡献率对系统的节能性影响很大；相对于燃气锅炉单独供暖，电加热辅助太阳能供暖系统只有在太阳能贡献率高于65.4%时才节能，而大多数系统的太阳能贡献率很难达到这么高，因此要尽量避免使用；热泵辅助太阳能供暖系统在大多数情况下都是节能的（热泵的平均COP=2.5时，太阳能贡献率需高于7%）；采用平均COP高于3.0的热泵或采用燃气锅炉作为辅助热源时，系统都是节能的，太阳能贡献率越高，节能效果越明显。
Abstract：
According to the solar fraction and the energy efficiency of auxiliary heating equipments, analyses the effects of different auxiliary heat sources on the energy efficiency of active solar heating systems by converting energy consumption to primary energy, and believes that the active solar heating system must satisfy certain conditions for achieving energy saving effect. The results indicate that the auxiliary heat source and the solar fraction have a great impact on the energy efficiency of solar heating systems. Compared to the gas-fired boiler heating alone, the solar heating system assisted by electric heating is energy efficient only when the solar fraction is greater than 65.4%, which is very difficult to achieve for many real systems. The primary energy consumption of the solar heating system assisted by heat pump is lower in general instances (when the average COP of heat pump is 2.5, the solar fraction should be greater than 7%). When heat pumps with average COP above 3.0 or gas-fired boilers are used as auxiliary heat sources, the solar heating system is energy efficient, and the higher the solar fraction is, the more obvious the energy saving effect is.
Keywords:solarheatingsystem,solarfraction,auxiliaryheatsource,primaryenergyconsumption,energyefficiency