住宅空调能耗调查方法准确性的实证研究
Empirical research on accuracy of investigation methods for air conditioning energy consumption of residential buildings
摘要：
为了对常用住宅空调能耗调查方法的准确度进行实测和定量分析，于2011年，同时采用问卷调查法、抄表拆分调查法和设表实测调查法，对北京市27个住户69台分体空调器的夏季能耗进行调查，并对不同调查方法的调查结果进行了对比分析。结果表明，问卷调查法的误差较大，对于每户空调能耗调查的绝对误差为-133～1 111 kW·h,平均值偏大23%；抄表拆分法的准确度较高，普通抄表拆分法调查结果的绝对误差为-45～114 kW·h,平均值偏大6.4%；改进型抄表拆分法的准确度更高，平均值仅偏大1.7%，其准确度可以满足住宅空调能耗调查研究工作的要求。
Abstract：
In order to measure and quantitatively analyse the accuracy degree of investigation methods, surveys the summer energy consumption of 69 split air conditioners in 27 households in Beijing in 2011, simultaneously using questionnaires, power meter data splitting and direct measuring methods, and compares and anlyses the results of these methods. The results show that the error of the questionnaire method is the largest, whose absolute error to the investigation values for a single household is from -133 to +1 111 kWh and the average relative error is 23%; the accuracy of the power meter data-splitting method is higher, whose absolute error is from -45 to +114 kWh and average relative error is 6.4%; the accuracy of the improved power meter data-splitting method is even higher, the average relative error is only 1.7%, and it can meet the needs for investigating air conditioning energy consumption in residential buildings.
Keywords:residential building, air conditioning, energy consumption, investigation method, accuracy, experimental research