载人航天器座舱空气龄的数值模拟
Numerical simulation on air age in manned spacecraft cabins
摘要：
建立了一个包含乘员、仪器设备和简单生活设施在内的载人航天器座舱物理模型，采用房间零方程湍流模型模拟了座舱工作区的空气龄分布。送风模式为舱顶两侧45°斜送风，风口布置采用了连续对称布置、间隔对称布置和间隔交错布置3种方案。模拟结果显示，连续对称布置会产生分叉现象，不建议采用；间隔交错布置优于间隔对称布置，并在送风速度为1.1 m/s左右时换气效率最高；在舱壁附近有乘员长期工作的情况下，乘员呼吸区的空气龄偏大，建议采用个性化送风来解决此问题。
Abstract：
Develops a physical model of manned spacecraft cabin which contains astronauts, apparatus and simple living installations, and numerically simulates the air age distribution in workplaces by use of a zero-equation turbulence model. Air is supplied by air outlets installed in the two top corners with 45 degree, and air outlets are collocated with continuous symmetry, alternative symmetry and alternative stagger modes. Simulation results show that bifurcation phenomenon would appear at continuous symmetry mode and this mode is not recommended, that the alternative stagger mode is better than the alternative symmetry mode and when outlet air velocity is about 1.1m/s the air exchange efficiency is the highest, and that if astronauts work near cabin wall for longer time, the air age around them would be older and a personalized ventilation system is recommended.
Keywords:mannedspacecraftcabin,airage,airsupplymode,airoutletcollocation,numericalsimulation