基于实际建筑环境的人体热适应研究（3）——冬季不同气候区人体热适应特征对比
Human thermal adaptation in real building environment (3) —Comparison among different climate zones during winter
摘要：
在哈尔滨、北京、上海、深圳4个城市开展了冬季室内热舒适状况调研，对不同气候区冬季人体热适应规律进行了比较分析，重点探讨了供暖因素对热适应的影响。在供暖条件下，哈尔滨与北京的调研建筑室温较高，哈尔滨室温全部高于21 ℃，居民适应偏热环境；而上海与深圳调研建筑室内不供暖，室温全部低于20 ℃，上海人群对于偏冷环境的适应性更强，深圳人群因冷刺激量不足，未形成足够的冷适应能力。过高的供暖温度不利于人体的舒适与健康，应遵循人体热适应规律，合理、适度供暖。
Abstract：
Conducts field studies on indoor thermal comfort in Harbin, Beijing, Shanghai and Shenzhen during winter. Compares the thermal adaptation characteristics of people in different climate zones, and specially discusses the influence of heating on thermal adaptation. Indoor temperatures of Harbin and Beijing are higher due to heating. All the measured indoor temperatures in Harbin are higher than 21 ℃ which make people adapt to warm environment. The investigated buildings in Shanghai and Shenzhen do not have heating where the indoor temperatures are all lower than 20 ℃. People in Shanghai show better adaptation to colder environment, however those in Shenzhen do not have enough cold stimulation to achieve that adaptation. Overheating is not good for people’s comfort and health, so that heating should be moderate and follow the characteristics of people’s thermal adaptation.
Keywords:thermal adaptation, thermal comfort, winter, climate zone, heating