空气传播的生化袭击与建筑环境安全（5）：有效因子——以人为本的通风效果评价新指标
Airborne biochemical attacks and building environment security (5): efficiency factor—human-oriented indices for evaluating ventilation efficiency
摘要：
为了合理评价突发事件中的通风效果，从以人为本的角度提出了有效因子概念。定义了污染源有效因子EFCS和送风有效因子EFSA 两个系列指标，每个系列均包括3个指标。EFCS和EFSA分别用于度量任意时段内污染源和送风对室内人员的影响。通过三维房间的算例，说明了指标的特点和应用。结果表明，系列指标能定量地反映任意时段内室内污染源和送风对人员的影响，可用于指导突发事件中应急通风和疏散策略的制定。
Abstract：
For rationally evaluating the ventilation efficiency in emergencies, describes the efficiency factor with human-oriented view. Proposes the two sets of indices, efficiency factor of contaminant source (EFCS) and efficiency factor of supply air (EFSA), and each set includes three indices. EFCS and EFSA indices are meant for scaling the influence of contaminant source and supply air on indoor occupants respectively in any given period of time. In addition, numerically analyses a three-dimensional room object to demonstrate the characteristics and applications of the indices. The results show that the indices proposed could be used in implementing the scaling, and thus to be a guide for establishment of ventilation and evacuation strategy in emergencies.
Keywords:ventilation,evaluatingindex,efficiencyfactorofcontaminantsource(EFCS),efficiencyfactorofsupplyair(EFSA),computationalfluiddynamics（CFD）