基于实际建筑环境的人体热适应研究（1）——夏季空调与非空调公共建筑对比
Human thermal adaptation in real building environment (1) — Comparison between air-conditioned and non-air-conditioned public buildings
摘要：
在夏季对位于北京的3栋非空调公共建筑和3栋集中空调公共建筑进行了现场调查，测量了室内热环境参数，并调查了建筑使用者的热舒适状况，得到非空调环境下人体中性温度为25.7 ℃，空调环境下中性温度为25.4 ℃。当室温偏离中性时，空调建筑使用者对温度变化更为敏感。在相同的偏热环境中，空调建筑人体热感觉更高。非空调建筑人群对偏热环境体现出更强的热适应性。与空调建筑相比，长期处于非空调环境中的人们在高温下的生理调节能力和热耐受性较强，对热环境的心理期望较低，更多通过主动开窗或使用电风扇增大风速的方式来改善热感觉。
Abstract：
Conducts a field study in six public buildings in Beijing, three of which are non-air-conditioned and the other three are running with centralized air conditioning system. Measures indoor environmental parameters, and investigates thermal comfort situation of building occupants. The neutral temperature of occupants in non-air-conditioned environment is 25.7 ℃, while that in air-conditioned environment is 25.4 ℃. When indoor temperature is higher than neutral temperature in summer, air-conditioned building occupants are more sensitive. Thermal sensation vote (TSV) of non-air-conditioned building occupants is lower than that of air-conditioned building occupants, and non-air-conditioned building occupants show better thermal adaptation to warm environment. People who are used to non-air-conditioned environment have stronger physiological acclimatization and lower expectation. They are more likely to improve their thermal sensation by using natural ventilation or electric fans to enhance air velocity.
Keywords:summer, public building, air-conditioned environment, non-air-conditioned environment, thermal sensation, thermal comfort, thermal adaptation