空气传播的生化袭击与建筑环境安全（3）：生化毒剂的剂量-反应关系
Airborne biochemical attacks and building environment security (3): relationship between dose of CBW agents and human responses
摘要：
针对生化袭击，提出应当依据生化毒剂的剂量和剂量反应关系来指导通风空调系统的设计与运行。介绍了剂量的基本概念、生化毒剂侵入机体的主要途径和常见的剂量描述参数；简述了生化毒剂剂量反应关系的基本概念和相关的流行病学和毒理学模型，介绍了一种通用的剂量反应关系模型，并基于该模型绘制了炭疽杆菌和沙林毒气的剂量反应关系曲线作为示例；以室内持续释放炭疽杆菌和沙林毒气这两类代表性的袭击情景为例，计算了六种通风工况下室内毒剂浓度与人员累积死亡率随时间的变化关系，通过分析讨论得到了一些初步规律，并提出相关建议。
Abstract：
In view of the emergencies such as chemical and biological terrorist attacks, proposes that the dose and dose-response relationship of chemical and biological weapon (CBW) agents should be taken as the basis of design and operation of the HVAC system. Presents the basic concept of dose, main routes of CBW agents invading people, and common parameters of dose. Presents the basic concept of dose-response relationship and relevant models of epidemiology and toxicology. Gives one general model and plots the dose-response curves of Bacillus anthracis and sarin based on it. Taking the attack scenarios for example, in which bacillus anthracis and sarin are continuously released into a room, calculates the variation of the concentration of agents in the air and the accumulate fatalities under six operate conditions. Obtains preliminary rules and suggestions through analysis and discussion.
Keywords:biochemicalweaponagent,dose,dose-responserelationship,biochemicalattack,ventilation