北京地区大学教室热舒适长期调查研究
Long-time investigation on indoor thermal comfort in campus buildings in Beijing
摘要：
针对北京市某大学的教室进行调研，对室内热环境参数、受访者服装热阻及受访者热感觉投票进行了为期1年的跟踪调查。试图通过探索教室热环境参数与受访者热感觉之间的关系了解受访者对教室内热环境的需求，结果发现，不同季节受访者对环境的需求存在差异，夏季空调环境人体中性温度为26.9 ℃，过渡季节自然通风环境中性温度为23.5 ℃，而冬季集中供热环境中性温度为22.9 ℃，着装量不同是造成上述差异的主要原因。对于室内环境控制，在春秋过渡季节的绝大多数时间，自然通风可满足人员对室内热环境的需求；在非自然通风季节，将室内温度控制到可接受的范围就可以满足多数受访者的需求。
Abstract：
Carries out a long-period survey of indoor environmental parameters, the clothing thermal resistance of occupants and people’s voting of their sensation in classrooms of a university in Beijing for a whole year. Through finding the relationships between thermal parameters and people’s sensation, explores people’s requirement of indoor thermal environment. The results show that people’s requirement of indoor thermal environment in different seasons is different. The neutral temperature for air-conditioned room in summer is 26.9 ℃, the one for natural ventilation room in spring and autumn is 23.5 ℃, while for heating space in winter is 22.9 ℃. Clothing insulation is the main reason for this difference. For the control strategies of indoor environment, natural ventilation is enough in spring and autumn for the thermal requirement of occupants, while the indoor temperature could be controlled to the acceptable temperature range which can meet the requirements for most occupants in summer and winter.
Keywords:classroom,thermalcomfort,fieldstudy,clothingthermalresistance,thermalsensation,thermalparameter,neutraltemperature