地铁站内乘客PM2.5暴露风险评估
Risk assessment of PM2.5 exposure for passengers in subway stations
摘要：
选择了2个城市的10个地铁站,对站厅和站台内的PM2.5浓度进行了测试,比较了不同空间的PM2.5浓度。结合乘客在地铁站的暴露特点,分别计算了乘客在站厅和站台的PM2.5吸入量。结果显示:当室外PM2.5浓度高于35 μg/m3时,站厅和站台内的PM2.5浓度都高于现行标准值50 μg/m3;结合室外PM2.5浓度分布,可以推测出全年近40%的时间地铁站内的PM2.5浓度都超出了标准值;在大多情况下地铁站内的PM2.5浓度都高于室外,站台的PM2.5浓度约为室外的1.54倍,约为站厅的1.32倍;高峰期地铁站内的PM2.5浓度略高于平峰期,两者的平均比值为1.3;乘客单次在地铁站内的PM2.5吸入量为2～20 μg,且在站台的吸入量占66%。
Abstract：
Ten subway stations in two cities are selected to test the PM2.5 concentrations in the station halls and platforms, and the PM2.5 concentrations in different spaces are compared. Based on the exposure characteristics of passengers in the subway stations, the PM2.5 inhalation of passengers in the station halls and platforms is calculated, respectively. The results show that when the outdoor PM2.5 concentration is higher than 35 μg/m3, the PM2.5 concentrations in the station halls and platforms are higher than the current standard value of 50 μg/m3. Combined with the outdoor PM2.5 concentration distribution, it can be inferred that the PM2.5 concentration in the subway stations exceeds the standard value for nearly 40% of the whole year. In most cases, the PM2.5 concentration in the subway stations is higher than that of outside, and the PM2.5 concentration in the platforms is about 1.54 times that of outside and about 1.32 times that in the station halls. The PM2.5 concentration in the subway stations during peak periods is slightly higher than that during off-peak periods, with a mean ratio of 1.3. The PM2.5 inhalation of passengers in a single trip in the subway stations is 2 to 20 μg, and the inhalation in the platforms accounts for 66%.
Keywords:subway station; PM2.5 concentration; exposure risk; platform; station hall; inhalation