数据中心空调系统气流组织发展研究综述
Review on air distribution development of air conditioning systems in data centers
摘要：
为了研究数据中心不同空调系统气流组织对制冷效率的影响,本文首先综述了数据中心空调系统的气流组织发展历程,介绍了房间级、行列级、机柜级空调的气流组织形式的特点与应用现状,指出了常见的局部热点、冷热气流掺混、冷却失效等问题,并对热气流再循环、冷气流旁通及负压回流等根源进行了分析。在此基础上,梳理了用于衡量气流紊乱类型及严重程度的气流组织评价指标。最后,对不同气流组织形式的优化措施进行了分类总结,指出可以通过调整地板下静压箱和冷通道结构、设置机柜导流构件、调整空调布局等措施优化气流路径,提升机房制冷效率和能源利用率,为数据中心气流组织的选择和发展提供思路。
Abstract：
In order to study the influence of air distribution on cooling efficiency of different air conditioning systems in data centers, this paper first summarizes the development history of air distribution of data center air conditioning systems, presents the characteristics and application status of air distribution forms of room-level, row-level and rack-level air conditioning systems, points out common problems such as local hot spots, cold and hot air mixing, and cooling failures, and analyses the root causes of hot air recirculation, cold air bypass, and negative pressure backflow. On this basis, the evaluation indexes of air distribution used to measure the type and severity of air turbulence are sorted out. Finally, the optimization measures of different air distribution forms are classified and summarized. It is pointed out that the air flow path can be optimized by adjusting the structure of the underfloor plenum and the cold aisle, setting the rack diversion component, adjusting the air conditioning layout and other measures, so as to improve the cooling efficiency and energy utilization rate of the server room, which can provide ideas for the selection and development of air distribution in data centers.
Keywords:data center; server room air conditioning; air distribution; thermal environment; evaluation index; closed aisle