利用城市原水冷源降低微模块数据中心空调能耗的实验研究
Experimental study on reducing energy consumption of air conditioning system in micro-module data centers using urban raw water
摘要：
利用城市原水作为数据中心空调冷源,将既有微模块数据中心的风冷直膨式空调系统改造为水冷式直膨空调系统,确定了水冷空调系统方案。为了保证城市原水的卫生要求及换热器易于清洗的需求,设计了新型热管换热器,实现了间接换热。在相同的室内工况下,研究了风冷空调系统和水冷空调系统的实际运行参数,结果表明在环境温度35.3 ℃、原水温度23.1 ℃的典型工况下,改造后的水冷空调系统相比风冷空调系统能效比提高了36.59%。在不同的环境温度(26.1～35.3 ℃)和原水温度(20.4～23.1 ℃)条件下,水冷空调系统的能效比保持在3.86～4.35之间,水冷空调系统能效比相较于风冷空调系统提高了15.08%～36.59%。研究结果表明,利用常年温度稳定的城市原水作为数据中心空调的冷源是降低城市数据中心空调能耗,从而降低数据中心碳排放的有效方法。
Abstract：
This study utilizes urban raw water as the cold source for data center air conditioning. The existing air-cooled direct expansion system in a micro-module data center is retrofitted into a water-cooled direct expansion system, and the new configuration is established. To meet hygienic standards for raw water and ensure easy maintenance of heat exchangers, a novel heat pipe heat exchanger is designed to achieve indirect heat transfer. Under identical indoor conditions, operational parameters of both air-cooled and water-cooled systems are compared. The results show that at typical conditions (35.3 ℃ ambient temperature, 23.1 ℃ raw water temperature), the retrofitted water-cooled system achieves 36.59% higher EER than the air-cooled system. Across varying ambient temperatures (26.1-35.3 ℃) and raw water temperatures (20.4-23.1 ℃), the water-cooled system maintains EER between 3.86-4.35, representing 15.08%-36.59% efficiency improvement. These findings demonstrate that using temperature-stable urban raw water effectively reduces cooling energy consumption and carbon emissions in urban data centers.
Keywords:data center; air conditioning; energy consumption; urban raw water; water-cooled;air-cooled; heat pipe heat exchanger