R290车用空调压缩机性能实验研究与分析
Experimental study and analysis of R290 automotive air conditioning compressor performance
摘要：
为了探究环保制冷剂R290在汽车空调系统中的应用性能,本文通过搭建一套R290车用空调压缩机性能测试系统,对不同压缩机转速、蒸发温度和冷凝温度下压缩机性能参数的变化趋势进行了研究。结果表明:压缩机排气温度随压缩机转速的增大而降低;油循环率、制冷量、制冷剂质量流量、压缩机功率随压缩机转速的增大而增大;等熵效率与COP随压缩机转速的增大而先增大后减小;容积效率随压缩机转速的增大而增大或在达到峰值后下降;相同转速下,排气温度与蒸发温度呈负相关,而与冷凝温度呈正相关;油循环率、制冷量、COP、容积效率、等熵效率与蒸发温度呈正相关,与冷凝温度呈负相关;制冷剂质量流量与蒸发温度呈正相关,改变冷凝温度对制冷剂质量流量影响不大;冷凝温度为45 ℃、蒸发温度从0 ℃升高至10 ℃时,制冷量、COP、容积效率和等熵效率最大分别达到13.98 kW、5.74、94.79%和81.48%;压缩机功率几乎不受蒸发温度影响,但与冷凝温度呈正相关。
Abstract：
To investigate the application performance of the environmentally friendly refrigerant R290 in automotive air conditioning systems, this paper constructs a performance test system for the R290 automotive air conditioning compressor and studies the change trend of compressor performance parameters under different compressor speeds, evaporating temperatures and condensing temperatures. The results show that the compressor discharge temperature decreases with the increase of the compressor speed. The oil circulation rate, cooling capacity, refrigerant mass flow rate, and compressor power increase with the increase of the compressor speed. The isentropic efficiency and COP first increase and then decrease with the increase of the compressor speed. The volumetric efficiency increases with the increase of the compressor speed or decreases after reaching a peak value. At the same speed, the discharge temperature is negatively correlated with the evaporating temperature, but positively correlated with the condensing temperature.The oil circulation rate, cooling capacity, COP, volumetric efficiency, and isentropic efficiency are positively correlated with the evaporating temperature and negatively correlated with the condensing temperature. The refrigerant mass flow rate is positively correlated with the evaporating temperature, and changing the condensing temperature has little effect on the refrigerant mass flow rate. When the condensing temperature is 45 ℃ and the evaporating temperature increases from 0 ℃ to 10 ℃, the maximum cooling capacity, COP, volumetric efficiency, and isentropic efficiency reach 13.98 kW, 5.74, 94.79% and 81.48%, respectively. The compressor power is almost unaffected by the evaporating temperature, but is positively correlated with the condensing temperature.
Keywords:R290; automotive air conditioning; compressor performance; compressor speed; evaporating temperature; condensing temperature