城市轨道交通地下车站站台公共区和车站轨行区排烟新思路探讨
Discussion on new ideas for smoke exhaust in platform public areas andtrack areas of underground stations of urban rail transit
摘要：
提出了在城市轨道交通地下车站站台公共区和车站轨行区采用基于“3取消”和“1加强”的新型排烟方案,即取消轨道排热风机、取消轨顶风道、取消站台排烟风管,通过增设电动风阀强化隧道通风系统的出力。对站台公共区火灾和列车火灾停靠站台2种工况下新型排烟方案的排烟效果进行了数值模拟,分析了烟气流动、CO浓度、温度分布、能见度分布及楼扶梯口处风速。通过实地测试,比较了新型排烟方案、对比方案和传统方案下的排烟效果。结果显示:新型排烟方案在2种火灾工况下的排烟效果满足相关规范要求;新型排烟方案由于烟气流向单一,不存在不同系统相互“拉扯”作用,其排烟效果明显优于对比方案和传统方案。
Abstract：
It is proposed to adopt a new smoke exhaust scheme based on “three cancellations” and “one strengthening” in the platform public area and the track area of underground stations of urban rail transit, that is, cancelling the track heat exhaust fan, cancelling the rail top air duct, and cancelling the platform smoke exhaust air duct, and strengthening the output of the tunnel ventilation system by adding electric air valves. The smoke exhaust effect of the new smoke exhaust scheme is simulated under two working conditions of platform public area fire and train fire and stopping at platform. Smoke flow, CO concentration, temperature distribution, visibility distribution and wind speed at the escalator entrance are analysed. Through field tests, the smoke exhaust effects of the new smoke exhaust scheme, the comparative scheme and the traditional scheme are compared.The results show that the smoke exhaust effect of the new smoke exhaust scheme meets the requirements of relevant specifications under two fire conditions. Because the smoke flow direction of the new smoke exhaust scheme is single and there is no “pulling” effect between different systems, its smoke exhaust effect is significantly better than that of the comparative scheme and the traditional scheme.
Keywords:rail transit; underground station; smoke exhaust; new smoke exhaust scheme; platform public area; station track area; fire; electric air valve