美标NFPA体系下某海外项目高大空间排烟系统设计
Design of smoke exhaust system for large and tall space in an overseas project under US standard NFPA system
摘要：
NFPA标准作为主流的美标体系之一,在海外建筑项目中被广泛使用。本文以某海外酒店高大空间为例,研究发现以NFPA标准中代数法得到的排烟量无法满足高大空间人员疏散要求。采用机械排烟系统时,排烟量需在代数法基础上提高33.5%;采用自然排烟天窗时,天窗面积增大约438%后可满足疏散要求。上述机械排烟量与GB 51251—2017《建筑防烟排烟系统技术标准》要求的高大空间排烟量相比,减少了31.9%;自然排烟天窗面积与GB 51251—2017《建筑防烟排烟系统技术标准》高大空间的天窗面积计算值相比,减小了49.5%。
Abstract：
The NFPA standard, as one of the predominant American standard systems, is widely adopted in overseas construction projects. Taking the large and tall space of an overseas hotel as a case study, the study of this paper shows that the smoke exhaust volume derived from the algebraic method in NFPA standards fails to meet personnel evacuation requirements for large and tall spaces. When employing mechanical smoke exhaust systems, the smoke exhaust volume needs to be increased by 33.5% beyond the algebraic method calculation. For natural smoke exhaust skylights, the required skylight area must be expanded by approximately 438% to meet evacuation requirements. Compared with the smoke exhaust volume of the large and tall space stipulated in the Chinese national standard GB 51251-2017Technicalstandardforsmokemanagementsystemsinbuildings, the aforementioned mechanical smoke volume is reduced by 31.9%. The natural smoke exhaust skylight area is decreased by 49.5% compared with the calculated value of the skylight area of the large and tall space in GB 51251-2017Technicalstandardforsmokemanagementsystemsinbuildings.
Keywords:NFPA system; overseas project; hotel; large and tall space; fire simulation; smoke exhaust volume