螺旋型垂直轴风力机尾流特性与增功规律研究
Study on wake characteristics and power enhancement laws of helical vertical-axis wind turbines
摘要：
垂直轴风力机是提高城市可再生能源发电占比的有效途径,但存在发电效率低、空间布局规律不明确的问题。本文建立了螺旋型垂直轴风力机模型,开展尾流特性与增功规律研究。通过与风洞实验结果的对比,验证了模型计算结果的准确性。分析了双螺旋型垂直轴风力机在不同旋向、间距和相对摆放角度下的尾流特性和增功规律。结果表明:在4 m/s均匀来流风速下,对旋排列较顺旋排列功率有所增大;1.5d间距下平均输出功率较1.0d、2.0d、2.5d分别增大15.82%、31.26%、58.35%;45°相对摆放角度下风力机平均输出功率较0°、60°、90°分别增大7.56%、31.92%、61.45%。因此,双风力机在对旋排列、1.5d间距、45°相对摆放角度下输出功率最佳。
Abstract：
The vertical-axis wind turbine can effectively enhance the urban renewable energy generation proportion, but suffers from low efficiency and unclear spatial layout rules. This study establishes a helical vertical-axis wind turbine model to explore wake characteristics and power enhancement laws. The accuracy of the model calculation results is verified by the comparison with the wind tunnel experimental results. The wake characteristics and power enhancement laws of the double helical vertical-axis wind turbines under different rotation directions, spacings, and relative placement angles are analysed. The results show that at a uniform inflow wind speed of 4 m/s, the power of the counter-rotating arrangement increases compared with that of the conrotatory arrangement. The average output power at 1.5d spacing increases by 15.82%, 31.26%, and 58.35% compared with that at 1.0d, 2.0d, and 2.5d spacings, respectively. The average power of the wind turbine at a relative placement angle of 45° increases by 7.56%, 31.92%, and 61.45% compared with that at 0°, 60°, and 90° angles, respectively. Therefore, the dual wind turbines achieve optimal output power under counter-rotating arrangement, 1.5d spacing, and relative placement angle of 45° conditions.
Keywords:vertical-axis wind turbine; helical type; wake characteristic; power enhancement law; rotation direction; spacing; relative placement angle; power