我国典型热计量分摊技术模式对单户结算热费计量可比性影响的研究
Study on influence of typical heat metering allocation technology models on comparability for single-household settlement heat metering in China
摘要：
遵循“等面积、等温度、等热费”的热量分摊原则,聚焦热量表法和温度面积法2种技术模式,通过对影响热量分摊结果的多层次不确定性信息挖掘与梳理,针对单户结算热量不确定度和结算热量的计量可比性水平进行了分析研究。结果表明:热量表法的不确定度水平为15%(包含因子k=2),温度面积法相对减小7%;热量表法的计量可比性水平为19%～23%,温度面积法为9%～15%。影响计量分摊质量的核心因素中,能耗综合修正系数和户间传热的离散性因素对热量表法不确定度贡献率代数和接近60%,户用热量表读值误差对不确定度的贡献率约20%;建筑总热量和室内温度测量误差对温度面积法不确定度贡献率代数和达90%。研究力求为科学评价既有热计量技术模式的关键计量性能、优化我国热计量技术体系提供参考。
Abstract：
This paper adheres to the heat allocation principle of “equal area,equal temperature,and equal heat cost”,focusing on two technical models: the heat meter method and the temperature-area method.By exploring and organizing multi-level uncertain information that affects heat allocation results,it analyses and studies the uncertainty of single-household heat settlement and the measurement comparability level of heat settlement.The results show that the uncertainty level of the heat meter method is 15% (coverage factor k=2),while the temperature-area method reduces it by 7% relatively.The measurement comparability level for the heat meter method ranges from 19% to 23%,whereas that for the temperature-area method ranges from 9% to 15%.The core factors influencing the quality of heat metering allocation are as follows: the algebraic sum of the contribution rates of the comprehensive correction coefficient of energy consumption and the discreteness factor of heat transfer between households contributes nearly 60% to the uncertainty of the heat meter method,while reading errors in household heat meters contribute approximately 20%.The algebraic sum of the contribution rates of total building heat and indoor temperature measurement errors contributes up to 90% to the uncertainty of the temperature-area method.This study aims to provide a reference for scientifically evaluating the key measurement performance of existing heat metering technology models and optimizing China’s heat metering technology system.
Keywords:heat meter; temperature-area method; heat metering allocation; uncertainty; measurement comparability