陕北地区农村住宅光伏-空气源热泵供热系统策略研究*
摘要：
利用TRNSYS软件搭建了带热能存储的光伏-空气源热泵供热系统(TES-PV-ASHP)仿真模型,采用储热水箱作为热能存储设备。选取延安市一栋独立单层建筑作为研究案例进行了供暖季室内热负荷需求分析,结合当地太阳能资源特点和分时电价提出了一种利用水箱进行蓄能的系统运行策略,通过调整光伏过剩时段与低谷电价时段的水箱温度来实现能量的存储和配置。基于非支配排序遗传算法Ⅱ(NSGA-Ⅱ)构建了水箱温度设置优化模型。结果表明,所提出的系统运行策略与水箱设置温度保持恒定的基准系统运行策略相比,系统收益提高了7.98%,光伏自消耗量增加了24.13%,高峰电价时段电网取电量减少了40.82%。
Abstract：
In this paper, a simulation model of a photovoltaic-air-source heat pump heating system with thermal energy storage (TES-PV-ASHP) is established using TRNSYS software, and a hot water storage tank is employed as the thermal energy storage device. An independent single-story building in Yan’an is selected as a research case to analyse the indoor heating load demand in the heating season. Considering the local solar energy resource characteristics and time-of-use electricity prices, a system operation strategy utilizing the water tank for energy storage is proposed, which achieves energy storage and allocation by adjusting the water tank temperature during periods of excess photovoltaic power and off-peak electricity price periods. An optimization model for water tank temperature settings is constructed based on the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm Ⅱ (NSGA-Ⅱ). The results show that compared with the benchmark system operation strategy with a constant water tank temperature setting, the proposed system operation strategy increases the system revenue by 7.98%, enhances the photovoltaic self-consumption by 24.13%, and reduces the electricity consumption from the grid during peak electricity price periods by 40.82%.
Keywords:rural residence; photovoltaic; air-source heat pump; thermal energy storage; water tank; heating system; multi-objective optimization; operation strategy