坐姿状态整体及局部服装热阻研究
Research on overall and local clothing thermal resistance in sitting posture
摘要：
本研究通过现场调研,得到了办公建筑人群全年各季节典型着装情况及办公座椅类型,利用暖体假人在各季节典型服装和不同办公座椅组合下进行了站姿和坐姿的整体和局部服装热阻测试。研究结果显示:站姿状态下整体服装热阻相较于坐姿减小了16.6%～30.6%,各局部服装热阻(除腹部和髋部外)相较于坐姿也都有所减小;加上座椅后,坐姿局部热阻会增大,甚至大于站姿局部热阻。基于“查表法”获得站姿整体热阻的基础上,建立了坐姿整体热阻的预测模型,其R2值为0.99。基于坐姿固有热阻,建立了肩部、背部和大腿后部的坐姿局部热阻预测模型,其R2值分别为0.60、0.63和0.48。这些模型为评估办公人群的整体及局部热阻提供了有效方法。
Abstract：
Based on field surveys,this study obtains the typical clothing in various seasons throughout the year and the office chair types in office buildings.Using a thermal manikin,it tests the overall and local clothing thermal resistance in both standing and sitting postures under typical clothing in various seasons and different office chair combinations.The research results show that the overall clothing thermal resistance in the standing posture is 16.6% to 30.6% lower than that in the sitting posture,and the local clothing thermal resistance also decreases in the standing posture,except for the abdomen and hips.With a chair,the local thermal resistance in the sitting posture will increase,sometimes exceeding that in the standing posture.Based on the “look-up table method” to obtain the overall thermal resistance in the standing posture,a prediction model of the overall thermal resistance in the sitting posture is established,with R2of 0.99.Based on the inherent thermal resistance in the sitting posture,the prediction models for the local thermal resistance in the sitting posture are established for shoulders,back and back of thighs,with R2of 0.60,0.63 and 0.48,respectively.These models provide an effective method for evaluating the overall and local thermal resistance of the office population.
Keywords:sitting posture; local clothing thermal resistance; overall clothing thermal resistance; prediction model; thermal manikin; office building