青藏高原非对称着衣藏族人群热敏感性实验研究
Experimental study on thermal sensitivity of Xizang people with asymmetrical dressing at Qinghai-Xizang plateau
摘要：
青藏高原特殊气候环境造就了藏族人群特殊的行为热适应方式,藏式非对称着衣热暴露方式导致人体对热环境刺激的敏感性具有特异性,对整体热舒适评价至关重要。本文针对藏族人群开展了人体热敏感性实验研究,招募16名藏族青年作为受试者,在3种热环境突变工况下开展实验研究(工况1:18 ℃-24 ℃-18 ℃,工况2:15 ℃-24 ℃-15 ℃,工况3:16 ℃-28 ℃-16 ℃),并提出热敏感性定义及量化公式,将生理热敏感度、心理热敏感度作为评价指标,分别从生理和心理角度进行热敏感性特征分析。结果表明:藏族人群热敏感性在局部间存在差异性,热敏感部位序列为头部>四肢>躯干;藏袍非对称着衣方式下,暴露侧与非暴露侧存在明显的热敏感性差异,暴露部位的热敏感度是非暴露部位的1.2～1.3倍;人体对冷刺激的热敏感性更高,生理与心理层面上同一部位对冷刺激的热敏感度是热刺激下的0.7～1.5倍和1～2倍。
Abstract：
The special climate environment of the Qinghai-Xizang plateau has created a special behavioral thermal adaptation mode for the Xizang people. The thermal exposure of Xizang asymmetric dressing leads to its sensitivity to thermal environment stimuli with specificity, which is crucial for overall thermal comfort evaluation. This article conducts the experimental research on human thermal sensitivity for the Xizang people, recruiting 16 Xizang youths as subjects to conduct the experimental studies under three types of thermal environment mutation conditions (operating condition 1:18 ℃-24 ℃-18 ℃, operating condition 2:15 ℃-24 ℃-15 ℃, and operating condition 3:16 ℃-28 ℃-16 ℃). The definition and quantitative formula of thermal sensitivity are proposed, and the physiological heat sensitivity and psychological heat sensitivity are used as evaluation indicators, and thermal sensitivity characteristics are analysed from physiological and psychological perspectives, respectively. The results show that there are local differences in thermal sensitivity among the Xizang people, with the thermal sensitivity sequence being head, limbs, and trunk. Under the asymmetric wearing of Xizang robe, there are obvious differences in thermal sensitivity between exposed parts and non-exposed parts, and the thermal sensitivity of exposed parts is 1.2 to 1.3 times that of non-exposed parts. The human body is more sensitive to cold stimuli, and the thermal sensitivity of the same part to cold stimuli is 0.7 to 1.5 times and 1 to 2 times that of thermal stimuli on the physiological and psychological levels, respectively.
Keywords:asymmetric dressing; thermal sensitivity; skin temperature; thermal sensation; thermal comfort