西安室内健身场所热环境与人体热舒适调查研究
Field study on thermal environment and human thermal comfort in indoor fitness centers in Xi’an
摘要：
运动场所热环境是影响运动人群舒适、健康和运动意愿的重要因素。本研究采用现场调查和实验室研究相结合的方法,通过现场调查获取了健身人群的热舒适现状,提取了健身人群特征(着装和运动类型),进一步通过实验室测量获得了服装热阻数据和不同健身运动的代谢率数据。基于以上结果,探讨了不同运动强度下健身人群的热舒适阈值,同时对PMV模型在健身场所热环境评价中的适用性进行了评估。结果表明:高强度健身运动(5 met以上)人群的舒适温度低于中等强度运动(5 met以下)人群;运动状态下,健身人群的最舒适状态对应的热感觉投票为“微暖”;中等强度运动时人体的舒适温度上限为24.3 ℃,高强度运动时为19.4 ℃;气流也会显著影响运动人群的热舒适,随着运动强度的增大,运动人群对于风速“增大”的期望更加强烈。
Abstract：
The thermal environment in sports venues is an crucial factor influencing the comfort, health, and exercise motivation of active participants.This study uses a combination of on-site investigation and laboratory research, obtains the thermal comfort status of fitness people through on-site investigation, extracts the characteristics of fitness people (clothing and exercise type), and further obtains the clothing thermal resistance data and metabolic rate data for different fitness exercises through the laboratory measurement. Based on the above results, the thermal comfort threshold of fitness people under different exercise intensities is discussed, and the applicability of PMV model to the evaluation of thermal environment in fitness centers is evaluated. The results show that the individuals engaging in high-intensity fitness exercises (above 5 met) prefer a lower comfort temperature compared to those participating in moderate-intensity exercises (below 5 met). During exercises, the most comfortable state for fitness people is identified as a thermal sensation vote of “slightly warm”. The upper limit of the comfort temperature of the human body is 24.3 ℃ during moderate-intensity exercises, and 19.4 ℃ during high-intensity exercises. The airflow will also significantly affect the thermal comfort of the exercise people. As the exercise intensity increases, the expectation of the exercise people for increasing the air speed becomes stronger.
Keywords:fitness center; thermal comfort; thermal environment; exercise intensity; metabolic rate; comfort temperature; clothing thermal resistance