中国光伏发电设备经济成本、能耗及二氧化碳排放分析
Analysis of economic cost, energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions of photovoltaic equipment in China
摘要：
建立了光伏发电设备寿命周期评价模型,对我国大陆各省及直辖市典型地区1 m2光伏发电设备输出1 kW·h电量时的经济成本、能耗和二氧化碳排放情况进行了计算及分析。结果表明:1 m2光伏发电设备输出1 kW·h电量时的平均发电效率为10%～12%,经济成本为1.18～2.81 元/(kW·h),标准煤耗为0.013～0.032 kg/(kW·h),二氧化碳排放量为0.051～0.122 kg/(kW·h)。本文为促进我国大陆光伏发电设备的单元化利用、光伏发电设备与暖通空调系统的一体化及光伏发电设备在智能建筑与低碳建筑中的应用提供了一定的数据支持及理论依据。
Abstract：
This paper establishes a life cycle assessment model for photovoltaic power generation equipment, and calculates and analyses the economic cost, energy consumption, and carbon dioxide emissions for 1 m2photovoltaic power generation equipment to output 1 kW·h electricity in typical regions of provinces and municipalities in Chinese Mainland. The results show that the average power generation efficiency of 1 m2photovoltaic power generation equipment to output 1 kW·h electricity is 10% to 12%, with the economic cost of 1.18 yuan/(kW·h) to 2.81 yuan/(kW·h), the standard coal consumption of 0.013 kg/(kW·h) to 0.032 kg/(kW·h), and the carbon dioxide emissions of 0.051 kg/(kW·h) to 0.122 kg/(kW·h). This paper provides certain data support and a theoretical basis for promoting the unitized utilization of photovoltaic power generation equipment in Chinese Mainland, the integration of photovoltaic power generation equipment with heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, and the application of photovoltaic power generation equipment in smart buildings and low carbon buildings.
Keywords:photovoltaic; power generation equipment; life cycle; cost; energy consumption; carbon dioxide emission; energy saving