新风对近零能耗居住建筑冷热需求影响分析
Impact of outdoor air on cooling and heating demand of nearly zero energy residential buildings
摘要：
“双碳”目标的提出推动了建筑领域节能降碳工作的快速开展,低冷热需求的近零能耗建筑的研究与应用成为行业热点。本文对典型近零能耗居住建筑进行了数值模拟,研究分析了不同气候区中典型城市近零能耗居住建筑在不同新风利用场景下的年耗冷/热量特征。计算结果表明:5个气候区利用新风热回收年耗热量可降低46.99%～54.92%;严寒、寒冷地区在利用新风热回收后年耗冷量升高,夏热冬冷地区、夏热冬暖地区及温和地区年耗冷量降低10%以上。从夏热冬暖地区到严寒地区,供冷季通过开窗引入室外新风可降低年耗冷量2.24～4.84 kW·h/m2。供冷季有组织利用室外新风供冷对年耗冷量的影响与新风量相关,选择适合的新风量可以有效降低年耗冷量。通过不同新风利用方式对近零能耗建筑冷热需求影响的研究,可为优化暖通空调系统配置和专用产品研发提供参考。
Abstract：
The proposal of dual carbon goal has promoted the rapid development of energy saving and carbon reduction in the building sector, and the research and application of nearly zero energy buildings with low cooling and heating demand has become a hot topic in the industry. In this paper, the numerical simulation of typical nearly zero energy residential buildings is carried out to study and analyse the annual cooling/heating demand characteristics of typical urban nearly zero energy residential buildings in different climate zones under different outdoor air utilization scenarios. The calculation results show that the annual heating demand is reduced by 46.99%-54.92% by utilizing outdoor air heat recovery in five climate zones, the annual cooling demand is elevated in severe cold zone and cold zone after utilizing outdoor air heat recovery, and the annual cooling demand is reduced by more than 10% in hot summer and cold winter zone, hot summer and warm winter zone and mild zone. From hot summer and warm winter zone to severe cold zone, the introduction of outdoor air through the opening of windows during the cooling season can reduce the annual cooling demand by 2.24-4.84 kWh/m2. The effect of the organized utilization of outdoor air for cooling during the cooling season on the annual cooling demand is related to the outdoor air volume, and selecting the appropriate outdoor air volume can effectively reduce the annual cooling demand. The study of the impact of different outdoor air utilization methods on the cooling and heating demand of nearly zero energy buildings can provide a reference for the optimization of HVAC system configuration and the research and development of specialized products.
Keywords:nearly zero energy building; residential building; annual cooling demand; annual heating demand; outdoor air heat recovery; free cooling