持续湿热暴露下人体认知表现的响应规律分析
Response pattern of human cognitive performance under continuous humid-hot exposure
摘要：
近年来不断加剧的全球变暖引起热浪频发,带来了持续的高温高湿天气,由此导致的人体认知能力受损的问题越来越受到社会关注。为了探索湿热暴露下人体认知表现响应规律,在温度分别为32、35、38、41 ℃,相对湿度为70%的湿热环境暴露下进行了5种持续认知测试,期间观察了14名男性受试者的认知测试结果(平均反应时间和平均正确率)随环境温度的变化特征。暴露期间认知测试不间断,直到受试者拒绝继续试验。结果表明:受试者处理认知任务的平均反应时间随环境温度升高而增加,平均正确率随环境温度升高而降低;在暴露时间内,平均反应时间在前3段测试中依次增加,然后在第4、5段测试中减少;而平均正确率在前3段测试中持续降低,在第4、5段测试中快速升高;此外,观察到相对认知表现随环境温度升高而降低,但环境温度高于35 ℃后降低速率减缓;相对认知表现在暴露时间内呈近似U形分布,且环境温度越高,U形曲线最低点对应的时间越靠前。该研究为湿热环境下认知能力的评估提供了一种潜在的解决方案。
Abstract：
In recent years, the increasing global warming has caused frequent heat waves, which has brought continuous high temperature and humidity weather, and the resulting problem of human cognitive impairment has attracted more and more social attention. To explore the response of human cognitive performance under continuous humid-hot exposure, five continuous cognitive tests are conducted under the exposure of humid-hot environments with temperature of 32, 35, 38,41 ℃ and relative humidity of 70%, and the variation characteristics of cognitive test results (average reaction time and average accuracy rate) of 14 male subjects with environmental temperature are observed. Cognitive testing is uninterrupted during exposure until the subject refuses to continue the trial. The results show that the average reaction time of subjects to deal with cognitive tasks increases with the increase of environmental temperature, and the average accuracy rate decreases with the increase of environmental temperature. During the exposure time, the average reaction time increases in turn in the first three tests and then decreases in the fourth and fifth tests. The average accuracy rate continues to decrease in the first three tests and increases rapidly in the fourth and fifth tests. In addition, the relative cognitive performance decreases with the increase of environmental temperature, but the rate of decline slows down after the environmental temperature is higher than 35 ℃. The relative cognitive performance shows an approximate U-shaped distribution during the exposure time, and the higher the environmental temperature, the earlier the time corresponding to the lowest point of the U-shaped curve. The study provides a potential solution for the assessment of cognitive abilities in humid-hot environments.
Keywords:cognitive performance; humid-hot environment; response pattern; reaction time; accuracy rate; exposure time