夏热冬冷地区住宅浴室热湿环境与洗浴行为研究
Thermal and humidity environment and bathing behavior in residential bathrooms in hot summer and cold winter zone
摘要：
对上海地区住宅浴室热湿环境进行了实地测量,分析了浴室热湿环境特征,并通过网络问卷调研了典型人群的洗浴行为。结果表明:浴室热湿环境受洗浴行为影响明显,淋浴开始后空气温度迅速升高,相对湿度接近饱和状态,淋浴结束后相对湿度需要较长时间才能恢复至初始状态,与常规居家场景相比,洗浴过程中的浴室热湿环境偏离常规热舒适区;夏热冬冷地区居民洗浴行为受季节影响明显,淋浴水温冬季偏暖(43.3 ℃左右)、夏季偏凉(一般36～40 ℃);洗浴频次以1天1次或2天1次为主;洗浴时长夏季多为5～10 min、冬季多为10～20 min。本文还探讨了浴室环境改善措施和浴室热舒适的特殊性。
Abstract：
The thermal and humidity environment of residential bathrooms in Shanghai is measured on the spot, the characteristics of thermal and humidity environment are analysed, and the bathing behavior of typical people is investigated by web-based questionnaires. The results show that the thermal and humidity environment of the bathroom is obviously influenced by the bathing behaviors. The air temperature rises rapidly after the shower starts, the relative humidity approaches saturation, and it takes a long time for the relative humidity to return to the initial state after the shower ends. Compared with the conventional home scene, the thermal and humidity environment in the bathroom deviates from the conventional thermal comfort zone. The bathing behavior of residents in hot summer and cold winter zone is significantly influenced by the seasons, and the showering water temperature is warmer in winter (about 43.3 ℃) and cooler in summer (generally 36-40 ℃). The bathing frequency is mainly once a day or once every two days, the duration is mostly 5-10 min in summer and 10-20 min in winter. This paper also discusses some measures to improve the bathroom environment and the particularity of bathroom thermal comfort.
Keywords:bathroom; residence; thermal and humidity environment; bathing behavior; thermal comfort; hot summer and cold winter zone; shower water temperature; bathing frequency