集中空调冷却水温度与温差优化设计
Optimization design of cooling water temperature and temperature difference in central air conditioning systems
摘要：
针对目前集中空调系统冷却水温差大多采用5 ℃的情况，从经济技术的角度出发，以集中空调冷却水系统为研究对象，建立了冷却水温度与温差对冷却水系统各部分成本（初投资和运行费用）的影响的数学模型。以全年折旧费用和运行费用之和最小为目标，分析计算了冷却水温度与温差对系统各部分成本的影响，得出了最优冷却水温度和温差与电价的关系。结果显示，当电价低于或等于21元/（kWh）时，在满足机组最小流量要求的基础上，冷却水设计温差越大越好；在冷却塔其他参数既定的情况下，冷却塔出口水温越低越好。
Abstract：
In view of the cooling water temperature difference in central air conditioning systems typically setting at 5℃, from the visual angle of economic and technology, establishes mathematical models to analyse the effect of the cooling water temperature and temperature difference on primary and operating costs of the cooling water systems. Taking the minimum sum of annual depreciation cost and operating cost as object, analyses and calculates the effect and educes the relationship between the optimum cooling water temperature and temperature difference and the price of electricity. The results indicate that on the basis of satisfying the demand of minimum flow rate of chillers, the cooling water temperature difference should be designed as large as possible if the price of electricity is less than 21 Yuan/kWh; and that the optimum cooling water temperature goes as low as the cooling tower can afford on the condition of other parameters of cooling tower being constant.
Keywords:cooling water temperature, cooling water temperature difference, optimization, energy conservation, central air conditioning system