低碳城市的能源系统
Energy system in low-carbon city
摘要：
详细阐述了低碳城市的内涵，探讨了低碳城市的城市形态，并以上海为例计算了各产业的碳排放比例，指出了实现低碳城市所采取的主要措施。重点阐述了低碳城市和低碳区域的能源系统，认为低碳城市的低碳能源系统的实现，在国家层面要依靠改变能源结构，不断增大水电、核电和可再生能源比例，同时积极调整产业结构，将高能耗、高排放工业的过剩产能坚决停掉；在城市层面要在新区开发中充分利用当地可再生能源和未利用能源的资源，并实施比国家标准更严格的节能标准，把节能作为一种资源，实现能源系统的分布化；在用户层面主要是通过节能技术措施和倡导行为节能，将需求和能耗切实降下来。而能源总线和能源互联网系统，适合低碳城市能源利用的特点，是低碳城市能源系统的主要形式。
Abstract：
Describes the meaning of low-carbon city in detail and explores the low-carbon city’s urban form, and then taking Shanghai as an example, calculates the proportion of carbon emissions of each sector, and points out the main measures of realization of low-carbon city. Focuses on energy systems in low-carbon city and community, considering what the low-carbon energy system in low-carbon city has to rely on: at the national level, the energy structure has to be changed by increasing the ratio of hydropower, nuclear power and renewable energy power and adjusting the industrial structure; at the city or community level, makes full use of local renewable energy and untapped energy resources in the new district development, and implements the more stringent energy efficiency standards compared with the national standards, takes the energy conservation as a resource to achieve the distribution of energy systems; at the user’s level, reduces the demand and energy consumption by using energy-saving technologies and advocating responsible energy consuming behaviours. The energy-bus and energy internet system is recommended as the main form of energy systems in low-carbon city for their suitable characteristics of energy using.
Keywords:low-carboncity,carbonemission,energysystem,energy-bus,energyinternet