碳中和背景下我国空调系统发展趋势
Developing trend of air conditioning system oriented to carbon neutrality in China
摘要：
我国建筑空调系统在运行阶段的年碳排放量约为9.9亿t二氧化碳，降低其碳排放是实现碳达峰碳中和目标的重要挑战之一。本文对我国当前空调系统碳排放量进行了拆解，分析了影响空调系统碳排放的主要技术因素和非技术因素，讨论了降低空调运行碳排放的主要原则，展望了碳中和背景下空调领域重点技术与规范机制的未来发展方向。结果表明，我国空调领域未来应重点关注降低空调系统负荷、提高设备和系统能效的技术，以及制订与完善空调系统产碳量计算、减碳效果定量评估的规范与机制。
Abstract：
Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) systems in buildings are responsible for about 990 million tons of CO2 emissions annually in China. It is crucial to pay more attention to HVAC systems to peak CO2 emissions, and further to achieve carbon neutrality. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis on the CO2 emissions of HVAC systems in China. The main technical factors and non-technical factors which affect the amount of CO2 emissions of HVAC systems significantly are pointed out. The primary principles for reducing CO2 emissions in the sector of HVAC are also discussed. The key technologies and technical standards and codes in the future are predicted. It shows that we should focus on developing and promoting technologies which can reduce cooling/heating loads and/or increase energy efficiency of devices as well as HVAC systems. It is also urgent to develop effective standards and policies to encourage low CO2 emissions in the HVAC field.
Keywords:carbon neutrality; air conditioning system; CO2 emission; key technology; standard and code