地下污水处理厂大空间水平活塞流无风管通风系统实验与模拟研究
Experimental and numerical simulation of horizontal piston flow ductless ventilation system in large space of underground sewage treatment plants
摘要：
地下污水处理厂操作层是工作人员活动的主要区域，需采用机械通风保证空气质量。目前常用的风管式通风系统存在设计复杂、造价高、吊顶风管系统加大操作层整体埋深等诸多缺点。本文以某地下污水处理厂操作层为对象，提出了一种基于水平活塞流的新型无风管通风系统。采用缩尺实验和CFD模拟，验证了无风管通风系统应用于地下污水处理厂操作层大空间的可行性，并对其气流组织、污染物排除能力等进行了研究。结果表明，无风管通风系统能够在地下污水处理厂操作层的扁平大空间内部形成类水平活塞流，高效引导污染物从离污染物最近的排风口排出，从而有效地提高空气质量。相比风管式通风系统，无风管系统通风效率更高，在通风性能方面具有明显优势，且能有效地降低地下污水处理厂埋深，减小施工难度。
Abstract：
The operating layer of the underground sewage treatment plant is the main area of staff activity, and the mechanical ventilation is required to ensure air quality. The commonly used air duct ventilation system has many shortcomings such as complex design, high cost, and ceiling duct system increasing the overall burial depth of the operating layer. In this paper, a new type of ductless ventilation system based on horizontal piston flow is proposed for the operating layer of an underground sewage treatment plant. The shrinkage experiment and CFD simulation are used to verify the feasibility of the ductless ventilation system applied to the large space of the operating layer of the underground sewage treatment plant, and its airflow organization and pollutant removal ability are studied. The results show that the ductless ventilation system can form a horizontal piston flow inside the flat large space of the operating layer of the underground sewage treatment plant, and efficiently guide the pollutants to be discharged from the exhaust outlet nearest to the pollutants, thereby effectively improving the air quality. Compared with the duct ventilation system, the ventilation efficiency of the ductless system is higher, which has obvious advantages in ventilation performance, and can effectively reduce the burial depth of the underground sewage treatment plant and reduce the difficulty of construction.
Keywords:underground sewage treatment plant; operating layer; air quality; ductless ventilation system; horizontal piston flow; shrinkage experiment; numerical simulation