基于能耗限额的夏热冬冷地区居住建筑节能技术方案
Analysis of solutions for residential buildings in hot summer and cold winter zone based on energy quota
摘要：
基于夏热冬冷地区居住建筑“部分时间、部分空间”的用能模式，以“能耗”“舒适”“经济”为目标，建立了多目标优化算法NSGA-II与多因素决策方法TOPSIS相结合的“多目标优化-多因素决策”模型，可得到3个目标权衡后的推荐技术方案。与现行居住建筑节能设计标准相比，推荐的技术方案可降低全年供暖空调负荷34.7%、延长非供暖空调时间12.5%。同时探讨了其他可行的技术路径，在本文提出的技术方案下，2种路径均能维持人员在室时段、在室空间内室内环境舒适，且可将全年供暖空调能耗控制在能耗限额范围内，为该地区居住建筑的设计和建造提供参考，为相关标准的修订编制提供支撑。
Abstract：
Residents in the hot summer and cold winter zone have the unique energy usage pattern of partial-space and partial-time for heating and cooling of buildings. Based on this situation, this paper develops a multi-objective optimization and multi-criteria decision-making model by applying the optimization algorithm NSGA-Ⅱ -TOPSIS method. Energy consumption, comfort and economy are selected as three goals in this model. The recommended optimal technical solution can be obtained after the trade-off of the three goals. Compared with the current residential building standards, the recommended technical solution can reduce the annual heating and cooling load by 34.7% and extend the non-heating and cooling time by 12.5%. In addition, more feasible solutions are also compared and discussed in this paper, which can not only maintain the indoor thermal comfort condition during the occupied time in the occupied space, but also control the annual energy consumption of heating and cooling within the energy quota. The technical solutions proposed in this paper can provide a reference for the design of residential buildings in this area, and provide strong support for the revision of relevant standards.
Keywords:hotsummerandcoldwinterzone;energyquota;residentialbuilding;multi-objectiveoptimization;multi-criteriadecisionmaking