Abstract：

With the rapid development of the Internet, data centers are developing towards high density and large scale, and the resulting energy consumption and environmental problems are becoming increasingly prominent. While ensuring the safe operation of the data center, it is of great significance to solve the problems of high energy consumption and the environmental impact of the data center so as to build a “green data center”. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the influencing factors of energy efficiency and its evaluation indicators for the optimal design of data center energy consumption. This paper introduces the influencing factors of energy efficiency in the process of data centers from design planning to smooth operation. It is found that the energy efficiency of data centers is jointly affected by indoor and outdoor environment, power supply and distribution systems, refrigeration systems and other factors. To realize the optimal energy efficiency management, the scheme needs to be finally determined by integrating the effects of all factors. The development process of data center energy efficiency evaluation indicators and the environmental indicator introduction in the past 20 years are reviewed emphatically, and the relationship between system energy consumption indicators and environmental indicators is discussed. This paper points out that the future data center needs an index or evaluation system that integrates environmental factors and internal energy consumption of the data center to systematically evaluate the energy efficiency of the data center in an all-round way to minimize the environmental footprint.