关于热泵一次能源利用率的计算与分析
Calculation and analysis of primary energy utilization rate of heat pumps
摘要：
发电环节按燃煤电厂考虑，针对空气源热泵热水供热系统进行了一次能源热效率和效率的计算和分析，结果表明：热泵机组COP分别为3和4时，其一次能源热效率均大于100%，但热泵机组的一次能源效率、热泵供热系统的一次能源效率都远小于100%。热泵供热系统的一次能源效率表征了热泵供热系统对一次能源价值的利用程度，可称为热泵供热系统的一次能源利用率。而热泵机组的COP及其一次能源热效率虽然不能直接反映一次能源价值的利用程度，但它们都与热泵供热系统的一次能源效率呈正比关系，所以也都可以用于对热泵供热系统进行能效比较和评价。合理降低热泵机组输出水温可以提高机组的COP，从而提高热泵供热系统的一次能源效率，实现相同供暖目标的一次能源消耗量减少。
Abstract：
The power generation link is considered as a coal-fired power plant, and the primary energy thermal efficiency and exergy efficiency are calculated and analysed for the air-source heat pump hot water heating system. The results show that the primary energy thermal efficiency is greater than 100% when the COP of the heat pump unit is 3 and 4, however, the primary energy exergy efficiency of the heat pump unit and heat pump system is much lower than 100%. The primary energy exergy efficiency of the heat pump heating system indicates the degree of utilization of the primary energy exergy value in heat pump heating systems, which can be called the primary energy utilization rate of the heat pump heating system. Although the COP and the primary energy thermal efficiency of the heat pump unit can not directly reflect the utilization degree of primary energy exergy value, they are all in direct proportion to the exergy efficiency of the primary energy of the heat pump heating system, so they can also be used to compare and evaluate the energy efficiency of the heat pump heating system. Reducing the output water temperature of the heat pump unit can increase the COP, thus improving the exergy efficiency of heat pump heating systems, achieving the same heating goal and reducing the consumption of primary energy.
Keywords:air-sourceheatpump;primaryenergyutilizationrate;thermalefficiency;exergyefficiency;energyefficiencyevaluation